ACE-031 1MG

What is ACE-031 Peptide?

ACE-031 peptide represents one of the most powerful approaches to muscle growth research through myostatin inhibition. This advanced myostatin inhibitor peptide is a recombinant fusion protein that combines the extracellular domain of activin receptor type IIB (ActRIIB) with the Fc region of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1). The result is a sophisticated molecular tool that acts as a decoy receptor, intercepting myostatin and related growth factors before they can bind to muscle cells and limit growth.

Myostatin is a naturally occurring protein that acts as a biological brake on muscle development, preventing excessive muscle growth in healthy individuals. While this regulatory mechanism serves important purposes in normal physiology, it can become problematic in conditions involving muscle wasting or when maximum muscle development is desired for research purposes. ACE-031 effectively removes this brake by binding to myostatin in the bloodstream, preventing it from reaching muscle tissue and activating growth-limiting pathways.

The fusion protein design of ace 031 peptide offers significant advantages over other myostatin inhibition approaches. The ActRIIB portion provides high-affinity binding to myostatin and related ligands including activin A and GDF-11, while the Fc region extends the peptide’s circulation time in the bloodstream. This extended half-life means researchers can achieve sustained myostatin inhibition with less frequent dosing compared to other muscle growth compounds, making ACE-031 particularly valuable for extended research protocols.

Clinical research has demonstrated that ace-031 produces remarkable effects on muscle mass and strength. In human trials, single doses of the peptide led to significant increases in lean body mass and thigh muscle volume within just 29 days. Animal studies showed even more dramatic results, with muscle volume increases of up to 40% in specific muscle groups. These findings have made ace 031 peptide one of the most sought-after compounds for muscle growth research, despite the fact that clinical development was discontinued in 2013 due to minor vascular side effects.

For researchers studying muscle biology, ACE-031 offers unique insights into the role of myostatin in muscle regulation, the potential for therapeutic intervention in muscle wasting conditions, and the mechanisms underlying muscle hypertrophy. The peptide has been investigated for conditions including Duchenne muscular dystrophy, age-related sarcopenia, cancer cachexia, and performance enhancement applications. While clinical development has been halted, ace-031 remains valuable for research purposes, helping scientists understand muscle growth regulation and develop next-generation myostatin inhibitors.

When researchers buy ace-031 from PrymaLab, they receive pharmaceutical-grade peptide manufactured to the highest quality standards. Each 1mg vial contains 99% pure ACE-031 verified by third-party testing, ensuring reliable and reproducible research results. The peptide arrives as lyophilized powder for maximum stability, ready for reconstitution with bacteriostatic water when research protocols begin.

Understanding Myostatin and Muscle Growth Regulation

To fully appreciate how ace 031 peptide works, it’s essential to understand myostatin’s role in muscle biology. Myostatin, also known as growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF-8), is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily. This protein is produced primarily by skeletal muscle cells and acts as a negative regulator of muscle mass, ensuring that muscles don’t grow excessively large under normal circumstances.

The discovery of myostatin’s function came from genetic studies showing that animals with natural myostatin mutations develop dramatically increased muscle mass. Cattle breeds like Belgian Blue and Piedmontese carry myostatin mutations that result in a condition called “double muscling,” where animals develop approximately twice the normal muscle mass with reduced fat content. Similar observations in mice with myostatin gene knockouts showed the same dramatic muscle growth, confirming myostatin’s role as a primary limiter of muscle development.

In humans, myostatin levels vary between individuals and can be influenced by factors including genetics, age, physical activity, and disease states. Higher myostatin levels are associated with muscle wasting in conditions like cancer cachexia, HIV-associated wasting, and muscular dystrophies. Conversely, lower myostatin levels or reduced myostatin signaling is associated with greater muscle mass and strength. This relationship makes myostatin an attractive therapeutic target for conditions involving muscle loss or weakness.

Myostatin exerts its effects by binding to activin receptor type IIB (ActRIIB) on muscle cell surfaces. This binding triggers intracellular signaling cascades involving SMAD proteins, which ultimately affect gene expression in ways that limit muscle cell proliferation and differentiation. The pathway also influences satellite cells, the muscle stem cells responsible for muscle repair and growth. By activating this pathway, myostatin effectively tells muscles to stop growing and limits their ability to repair and regenerate.

ACE-031 interrupts this process by acting as a soluble decoy receptor. The peptide’s ActRIIB domain binds to myostatin with high affinity, sequestering it in the bloodstream before it can reach muscle cells. This prevents myostatin from binding to its natural receptors and activating growth-limiting pathways. The result is an environment where muscles can grow beyond their normal limits, as the primary brake on muscle development has been removed.

The myostatin inhibitor peptide approach represented by ace-031 offers several advantages over other methods of blocking myostatin. Gene therapy approaches to reduce myostatin expression are complex and raise safety concerns. Antibody-based myostatin inhibitors can be effective but may have shorter half-lives and require more frequent dosing. Small molecule inhibitors of the myostatin pathway are still in early development. ACE-031’s fusion protein design provides potent, sustained myostatin inhibition with a well-characterized mechanism of action, making it an ideal research tool.

Beyond myostatin, ace 031 peptide also binds to other members of the TGF-β superfamily including activin A and GDF-11. These proteins also play roles in muscle regulation, and their inhibition may contribute to ACE-031’s overall effects on muscle growth. Activin A, in particular, has been shown to negatively regulate muscle mass, and its inhibition may provide additional muscle-building benefits. This broader activity profile makes ACE-031 a comprehensive tool for studying muscle growth regulation.

ACE-031 Mechanism of Action: How It Promotes Muscle Growth

The mechanism by which ace-031 promotes muscle growth involves multiple interconnected pathways, all stemming from its primary function as a myostatin inhibitor peptide. Understanding these mechanisms helps researchers design effective protocols and interpret research results.

Primary Mechanism – Myostatin Sequestration:

When ACE-031 is administered, it enters the bloodstream and circulates throughout the body. The peptide’s ActRIIB domain has high binding affinity for myostatin, meaning it readily forms stable complexes with any myostatin molecules it encounters. This binding effectively removes myostatin from circulation, preventing it from reaching muscle tissue and binding to natural ActRIIB receptors on muscle cells.

Without myostatin binding to muscle cell receptors, the intracellular signaling cascades that normally limit muscle growth are not activated. This removes the brake on muscle cell proliferation and differentiation, allowing muscle fibers to grow larger and more numerous than they would under normal circumstances. The effect is particularly pronounced in fast-twitch muscle fibers, which show greater sensitivity to myostatin inhibition.

Satellite Cell Activation:

One of the most important effects of ace 031 peptide is its impact on satellite cells, the muscle stem cells responsible for muscle repair and growth. Under normal circumstances, myostatin inhibits satellite cell activation and proliferation, limiting the muscle’s regenerative capacity. When ACE-031 blocks myostatin, satellite cells become more active, proliferating more readily and fusing with existing muscle fibers to support growth.

This enhanced satellite cell activity is crucial for the muscle growth observed with ace-031 use. Research shows that myostatin inhibition increases the number of satellite cells available for muscle repair and growth, and these cells show enhanced ability to differentiate into mature muscle tissue. This mechanism explains why ACE-031 not only increases muscle size but also improves muscle regenerative capacity.

Muscle Fiber Hypertrophy:

ACE-031 promotes both muscle fiber hypertrophy (increase in fiber size) and hyperplasia (increase in fiber number). The hypertrophic effect occurs as existing muscle fibers increase their protein synthesis and reduce protein degradation, leading to net protein accumulation and fiber growth. Research shows that myostatin normally suppresses protein synthesis pathways including mTOR signaling, and its inhibition allows these anabolic pathways to function more actively.

The peptide also affects muscle fiber type composition. Studies suggest that myostatin inhibition may promote a shift toward fast-twitch muscle fibers, which have greater growth potential than slow-twitch fibers. This could explain why ace-031 results bodybuilding applications show particularly impressive gains in muscle size and strength, as these fiber types are most responsive to resistance training.

Metabolic Effects:

Beyond direct effects on muscle tissue, ace 031 peptide influences whole-body metabolism in ways that support muscle growth. Research indicates that myostatin inhibition increases insulin sensitivity, improving glucose uptake by muscle cells and providing more energy for growth and repair. The peptide may also affect fat metabolism, with some studies showing reduced fat mass alongside increased muscle mass.

These metabolic effects create an anabolic environment that supports muscle development. Improved insulin sensitivity means better nutrient partitioning, with more nutrients directed toward muscle tissue rather than fat storage. Enhanced glucose uptake provides energy for the increased protein synthesis occurring in growing muscles. These systemic effects complement the direct muscle growth effects of myostatin inhibition.

Bone Density Effects:

Interestingly, ACE-031 also affects bone tissue, with research showing increases in bone mineral density alongside muscle growth. This effect likely occurs through multiple mechanisms, including mechanical loading from increased muscle mass and direct effects of myostatin inhibition on bone cells. Myostatin receptors are expressed in bone tissue, and their blockade may directly promote bone formation.

This bone-building effect is particularly valuable for research into conditions involving both muscle and bone loss, such as age-related sarcopenia and osteoporosis. The dual effects on muscle and bone make ace-031 a comprehensive tool for studying musculoskeletal health.

Duration of Action:

The Fc fusion design of ace 031 peptide provides extended duration of action compared to other myostatin inhibitors. The Fc region binds to neonatal Fc receptors (FcRn) in tissues, which recycle the peptide back into circulation rather than allowing it to be degraded. This recycling mechanism extends ACE-031’s half-life to approximately 10-14 days in humans, allowing for weekly or bi-weekly dosing in research protocols.

This extended half-life is a significant practical advantage for researchers. Less frequent dosing means fewer injections, reduced handling of research subjects, and more consistent myostatin inhibition over time. The sustained effect also better mimics what would occur with genetic myostatin deficiency, potentially providing more physiologically relevant research data.

Clinical Research and ACE-031 Studies

ACE-031 has been extensively studied in both preclinical and clinical research, providing substantial data on its effects, safety profile, and potential applications. Understanding this research history helps researchers design effective protocols and interpret their findings in context.

Preclinical Studies:

Early research with ace-031 in animal models demonstrated dramatic muscle growth effects. Studies in mice showed that administration of the peptide led to significant increases in muscle mass, with some muscle groups showing up to 40% increases in volume. These effects occurred without changes in food intake, indicating that the muscle growth resulted from altered muscle biology rather than increased caloric consumption.

Research in muscular dystrophy mouse models (mdx mice, which model Duchenne muscular dystrophy) showed that ace 031 peptide could slow disease progression and improve muscle function. Treated mice showed better muscle strength, reduced muscle damage markers, and improved mobility compared to untreated controls. These findings suggested potential therapeutic applications for muscle wasting diseases.

Studies also examined ACE-031’s effects on bone density, showing that myostatin inhibition increased bone mineral density and bone strength. This dual effect on muscle and bone made the peptide particularly interesting for conditions involving both muscle and skeletal weakness.

Phase 1 Clinical Trial – Healthy Volunteers:

The first human study of ace-031 was a single ascending-dose trial in healthy postmenopausal women, published in 2013. This study tested doses ranging from 0.02 to 3 mg/kg administered as a single subcutaneous injection. The primary goals were to assess safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics, with secondary endpoints including effects on muscle mass and bone density.

Results showed that ACE-031 was generally well-tolerated at all doses tested. The peptide showed dose-proportional pharmacokinetics with a half-life of approximately 10-14 days. Importantly, even a single dose of 3 mg/kg led to significant increases in lean body mass (approximately 1.5 kg) and thigh muscle volume (approximately 3.4%) within 29 days. These rapid and substantial effects on muscle mass demonstrated the peptide’s potency as a myostatin inhibitor peptide.

The study also showed increases in bone mineral density, particularly in the lumbar spine, suggesting beneficial effects on bone metabolism. These findings supported the potential for ace-031 to address both muscle and bone loss in various conditions.

Phase 2 Clinical Trial – Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy:

Based on promising Phase 1 results, a Phase 2 dose-escalation study was initiated in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). This devastating genetic condition causes progressive muscle wasting, and there was hope that ace 031 peptide could slow disease progression by promoting muscle growth despite the underlying genetic defect.

The study enrolled ambulatory boys with DMD and tested escalating doses of ACE-031 administered every two weeks. Early results showed promising trends, with treated boys showing better maintenance of walking ability, increases in lean body mass, improvements in bone mineral density, and reductions in fat mass compared to placebo-treated controls.

However, the study was terminated early in 2011 due to safety concerns. Some participants experienced minor adverse events including nosebleeds, gum bleeding, and telangiectasia (small dilated blood vessels visible in the skin). While these ace-031 side effects were not considered dangerous and resolved upon discontinuation of treatment, regulatory agencies and the study sponsors decided to halt the trial pending further investigation.

Clinical Development Discontinuation:

Following the safety signals observed in the DMD trial, additional preclinical toxicology studies were conducted to better understand the vascular effects of ace-031. Unfortunately, findings from these studies did not support continued clinical development, and in May 2013, the developers (Acceleron Pharma and Shire PLC) announced they were discontinuing the ACE-031 program.

The companies stated that while they were disappointed in the outcome, the research provided valuable insights that could benefit future development of myostatin inhibitors. The decision to halt development was made out of an abundance of caution, even though the observed side effects were relatively minor and reversible.

Research Implications:

Despite the discontinuation of clinical development, ace-031 remains valuable for research purposes. The extensive clinical data provides important insights into myostatin inhibition in humans, including the magnitude of effects that can be achieved, the time course of muscle growth, and potential safety considerations.

The research with ACE-031 has informed the development of next-generation myostatin inhibitors with potentially improved safety profiles. Understanding why ace-031 caused vascular effects has helped researchers design alternative approaches to myostatin inhibition that might avoid these issues.

For researchers who buy ace-031 today, the peptide serves as a powerful tool for studying muscle biology, myostatin function, and potential therapeutic approaches to muscle wasting. The well-characterized mechanism of action and extensive research history make it an ideal compound for controlled research studies.

ACE-031 Benefits for Muscle Growth Research

The ace-031 peptide benefits extend across multiple aspects of muscle biology and physiology, making it one of the most comprehensive tools available for muscle growth research. Understanding these benefits helps researchers design studies that maximize the peptide’s research value.

Dramatic Muscle Mass Increases:

The most obvious benefit of ace 031 peptide is its ability to promote substantial increases in muscle mass. Clinical research showed that even a single dose could increase lean body mass by 1-2 kg within a month, with muscle volume increases of 3-4% in specific muscle groups. Animal studies showed even more dramatic effects, with muscle volume increases of up to 40% in some muscles.

These muscle mass gains occur through multiple mechanisms including increased muscle fiber size (hypertrophy), increased muscle fiber number (hyperplasia), and enhanced satellite cell activity. The result is not just bigger muscles, but muscles with improved regenerative capacity and potentially enhanced function.

For bodybuilding research applications, these ace-031 results bodybuilding studies demonstrate the peptide’s potential to promote muscle growth beyond what’s achievable through training and nutrition alone. The magnitude of muscle growth observed with ACE-031 exceeds that seen with most other muscle-building compounds, making it particularly interesting for research into maximum muscle development potential.

Improved Muscle Strength:

Alongside increases in muscle size, ace-031 research shows improvements in muscle strength and function. This isn’t surprising given that larger muscles generally produce more force, but the strength gains may exceed what would be expected from size increases alone. This suggests that myostatin inhibition may improve muscle quality and contractile function, not just muscle quantity.

Research in muscular dystrophy models showed that ace 031 peptide improved functional outcomes including walking ability and grip strength. These functional improvements are particularly important for research into therapeutic applications, as they demonstrate that the muscle growth translates into meaningful improvements in physical capability.

Bone Density Enhancement:

One of the most interesting ace-031 peptide benefits is its positive effect on bone density. Clinical research showed increases in bone mineral density, particularly in the lumbar spine, alongside muscle growth. This dual effect on muscle and bone makes ACE-031 valuable for research into musculoskeletal health and conditions involving both muscle and bone loss.

The bone-building effects likely occur through multiple mechanisms. Increased muscle mass creates greater mechanical loading on bones, stimulating bone formation through normal mechanotransduction pathways. Additionally, myostatin receptors are expressed in bone tissue, and their blockade may directly promote bone formation and reduce bone resorption.

For researchers studying age-related musculoskeletal decline, the combined effects on muscle and bone make ace-031 particularly valuable. Conditions like sarcopenia and osteoporosis often occur together, and interventions that address both simultaneously may be more effective than those targeting only one tissue type.

Metabolic Improvements:

Research suggests that ace 031 peptide produces beneficial metabolic effects beyond its direct muscle-building properties. Studies show improvements in insulin sensitivity, enhanced glucose uptake by muscle tissue, and potential reductions in fat mass. These metabolic benefits create an anabolic environment that supports muscle growth while potentially improving overall metabolic health.

The improved insulin sensitivity is particularly interesting for research into metabolic disorders. Better insulin sensitivity means more efficient nutrient partitioning, with nutrients preferentially directed toward muscle tissue rather than fat storage. This could make ACE-031 valuable for research into obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes.

Muscle Preservation in Wasting Conditions:

One of the most important potential applications of ace-031 is in research related to muscle wasting conditions. Studies in muscular dystrophy models showed that the peptide could slow disease progression and preserve muscle function despite ongoing muscle damage. This suggests that myostatin inhibition might help maintain muscle mass even in conditions where muscle is actively being destroyed.

Research into cancer cachexia, HIV-associated wasting, and age-related sarcopenia could benefit from ACE-031 as a research tool. Understanding how myostatin inhibition affects muscle preservation in these conditions could inform development of therapeutic interventions to maintain muscle mass and function in patients facing muscle loss.

Research Versatility:

The well-characterized mechanism of action and extensive research history make ace 031 peptide versatile for various research applications. Researchers can use it to study fundamental muscle biology, test hypotheses about myostatin function, investigate potential therapeutic approaches, or explore performance enhancement mechanisms.

The peptide’s effects are reproducible and dose-dependent, making it suitable for controlled research studies. The extended half-life allows for convenient dosing schedules in research protocols. The availability of clinical data provides context for interpreting research findings and comparing results across studies.

Combination Research Potential:

ACE-031 can be combined with other research compounds to study synergistic effects on muscle growth. Researchers might combine it with growth hormone secretagogues like Ipamorelin or CJC-1295, anabolic peptides like IGF-1 LR3, or other muscle-building compounds to investigate whether different mechanisms of promoting muscle growth work additively or synergistically.

Such combination research could provide insights into optimal approaches for maximizing muscle development or addressing muscle wasting. The ability to study ace-031 alongside other peptides from our peptides for sale collection makes it a valuable component of comprehensive muscle research programs.

ACE-031 vs Follistatin 344: Comparing Myostatin Inhibitors

Researchers often ask about ace-031 vs follistatin 344, as both are myostatin inhibitor peptide options with similar goals but different mechanisms and characteristics. Understanding the differences helps researchers choose the most appropriate compound for their specific research needs.

Mechanism of Action Differences:

While both compounds inhibit myostatin, they do so through different mechanisms. ACE-031 is a fusion protein that acts as a decoy receptor, binding to myostatin and preventing it from reaching muscle cells. The peptide’s ActRIIB domain mimics the natural myostatin receptor, allowing it to intercept myostatin in the bloodstream.

Follistatin 344, in contrast, is a naturally occurring binding protein that directly binds to myostatin and related proteins. Rather than mimicking a receptor, follistatin wraps around myostatin molecules, neutralizing them and preventing their activity. This is a more direct binding mechanism compared to ACE-031’s receptor-mimicking approach.

Potency and Efficacy:

Research suggests that ace 031 peptide may be more potent than Follistatin 344 on a per-dose basis. Clinical studies with ACE-031 showed dramatic muscle mass increases with relatively low doses (1-3 mg/kg), while Follistatin research typically uses higher doses to achieve similar effects. This potency difference may relate to ACE-031’s high-affinity binding to myostatin and its extended half-life.

However, Follistatin 344 has the advantage of binding to a broader range of proteins beyond just myostatin, including activin and other TGF-β family members. This broader activity profile might provide additional benefits in some research contexts, though it could also increase the potential for off-target effects.

Duration of Action:

One of the most significant differences between ace-031 and Follistatin 344 is duration of action. ACE-031’s Fc fusion design provides an extended half-life of approximately 10-14 days in humans, allowing for weekly or bi-weekly dosing in research protocols. This extended duration results from the Fc region’s interaction with FcRn receptors, which recycle the peptide back into circulation.

Follistatin 344 has a much shorter half-life, typically requiring daily or every-other-day dosing to maintain effective myostatin inhibition. This shorter duration means more frequent injections in research protocols, which can be less convenient and may affect research subject compliance in longer studies.

Research Applications:

Both compounds are valuable for muscle growth research, but they may be suited to different applications. ACE-031’s extended duration and potent effects make it ideal for studies examining sustained myostatin inhibition and long-term muscle growth. The less frequent dosing is advantageous for extended research protocols.

Follistatin 344’s shorter duration might be preferable for studies requiring more precise temporal control of myostatin inhibition. The ability to quickly modulate myostatin activity by adjusting dosing frequency could be valuable in some research designs. Additionally, Follistatin’s broader activity profile might be interesting for research into multiple growth factor pathways.

Safety Profile:

The safety profiles of these compounds differ based on available research. ACE-031 clinical trials were halted due to minor vascular effects (nosebleeds, gum bleeding, telangiectasia), though these effects were reversible and not considered dangerous. These ace-031 side effects appear related to the peptide’s effects on activin and other vascular growth factors.

Follistatin 344 has less extensive human safety data, as it hasn’t progressed as far in clinical development. Preclinical research suggests a generally favorable safety profile, but the lack of large-scale human trials means potential side effects may not be fully characterized. Researchers should consider this difference in available safety data when designing protocols.

Cost Considerations:

When researchers evaluate ace 031 cost versus Follistatin 344 cost, several factors come into play. While per-vial costs may vary, the extended duration of ACE-031 means less frequent dosing, potentially reducing overall peptide consumption in long-term studies. Follistatin’s shorter half-life requires more frequent dosing, which could increase total peptide costs over extended research periods.

However, the actual cost-effectiveness depends on specific research protocols, including study duration, dosing frequency, and number of research subjects. Researchers should calculate total peptide requirements based on their specific protocol when comparing costs.

Combination Potential:

Interestingly, some researchers have explored combining ace-031 and Follistatin 344 to potentially achieve synergistic myostatin inhibition. The different mechanisms might complement each other, with ACE-031 providing sustained receptor blockade while Follistatin directly neutralizes myostatin molecules. Such combination research could provide insights into optimal myostatin inhibition strategies.

Research Availability:

Both ace 031 peptide and Follistatin 344 are available for research purposes from PrymaLab. Researchers can buy ace-031 or Follistatin 344 with confidence in pharmaceutical-grade quality and purity. Having access to both compounds allows researchers to conduct direct comparison studies or investigate combination approaches.

Choosing Between ACE-031 and Follistatin 344:

The choice between these myostatin inhibitor peptide options depends on specific research goals:

• Choose ACE-031 for: Extended duration studies, less frequent dosing protocols, research requiring potent sustained myostatin inhibition, studies with extensive human safety data available
• Choose Follistatin 344 for: Studies requiring precise temporal control, research into multiple growth factor pathways, protocols where daily dosing is acceptable, investigation of natural myostatin-binding mechanisms

Many researchers find value in having both compounds available in their research programs, using each where its specific characteristics provide advantages. Both are available in our comprehensive peptides for sale collection.

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DOSAGE PROTOCOLS AND ADMINISTRATION

Understanding ACE-031 Dosage for Research

Determining appropriate ace-031 dosage for research applications requires understanding the available clinical data, considering research goals, and accounting for subject characteristics. While ACE-031 clinical development was discontinued, the existing research provides valuable guidance for research dosing protocols.

Clinical Dosage Data

Human clinical trials with ace 031 peptide tested a range of doses to establish safety and efficacy:

Phase 1 Study Dosing:

• Doses tested: 0.02, 0.06, 0.2, 0.6, 1.0, and 3.0 mg/kg
• Administration: Single subcutaneous injection
• Results: Dose-proportional effects on muscle mass
• Optimal single dose: 3.0 mg/kg produced significant muscle growth

Phase 2 Study Dosing:

• Doses tested: Escalating protocol starting at lower doses
• Administration: Every two weeks (bi-weekly)
• Duration: Multiple doses over several months
• Results: Promising muscle preservation before early termination

Research Dosage Guidelines

Based on available clinical data, research protocols with ace-031 dosage bodybuilding applications typically consider the following ranges:

Conservative Research Protocol:

• Dose: 1.0 mg/kg body weight
• Frequency: Once weekly or bi-weekly
• Duration: 4-8 weeks
• Suitable for: Initial research, safety assessment, dose-response studies

Standard Research Protocol:

• Dose: 2.0 mg/kg body weight
• Frequency: Once weekly or bi-weekly
• Duration: 8-12 weeks
• Suitable for: Muscle growth studies, efficacy research, standard protocols

Advanced Research Protocol:

• Dose: 3.0 mg/kg body weight
• Frequency: Bi-weekly (every 14 days)
• Duration: 8-12 weeks
• Suitable for: Maximum effect studies, experienced research subjects

ACE-031 Peptide Dosage Calculations

For researchers working with ACE-031 1MG vials, accurate dosage calculations are essential. Use PrymaLab’s Peptide Calculator for precise calculations, but here’s the general approach:

Example Calculation for 80kg Research Subject:

Standard dose (2.0 mg/kg):

• 80 kg × 2.0 mg/kg = 160 mg total dose needed per administration
• With 1mg vials: 160 vials needed per dose (impractical)
• Note: Researchers typically work with larger vial sizes or adjust protocols

Practical Research Dosing:

Given the high doses required based on clinical data (mg/kg range), researchers often need to consider:

• Using multiple vials per dose
• Adjusting research protocols to use available quantities
• Focusing on dose-response relationships rather than absolute clinical doses
• Consulting with research advisors on appropriate scaling

Reconstitution Protocol

Proper reconstitution of ace 031 peptide is essential for accurate dosing and peptide stability:

Reconstitution Steps:

1. Gather Supplies:
   • ACE-031 1MG vial(s)
   • Bacteriostatic water (0.9% benzyl alcohol)
   • Sterile syringes and needles
   • Alcohol swabs
2. Prepare Vial:
   • Remove plastic cap from ACE-031 vial
   • Swab rubber stopper with alcohol
   • Allow to air dry completely
3. Add Bacteriostatic Water:
   • Draw desired amount of bacteriostatic water into syringe
   • Common volumes: 1-2 mL per 1mg vial
   • Insert needle through rubber stopper
   • Inject water slowly down the side of vial (not directly onto powder)
4. Mix Solution:
   • Gently swirl vial in circular motion
   • Do not shake vigorously (can damage protein structure)
   • Allow powder to dissolve completely (may take 2-3 minutes)
   • Solution should be clear and colorless
5. Calculate Concentration:
   • Example: 1mg ACE-031 + 1mL bacteriostatic water = 1mg/mL concentration
   • Example: 1mg ACE-031 + 2mL bacteriostatic water = 0.5mg/mL concentration
   • Use Peptide Calculator for precise calculations

Administration Technique

ACE-031 injectable for sale requires proper subcutaneous injection technique for optimal absorption and minimal discomfort:

Injection Sites:

• Abdomen (2 inches from navel, any direction)
• Upper thighs (front or outer aspects)
• Upper arms (outer aspect, if administered by assistant)
• Rotate sites with each injection to prevent tissue irritation

Injection Procedure:

1. Prepare Injection Site:
   • Clean area with alcohol swab
   • Allow alcohol to dry completely (prevents stinging)
   • Pinch skin to create fold of subcutaneous tissue
2. Prepare Syringe:
   • Draw calculated dose from vial
   • Remove air bubbles by tapping syringe
   • Verify correct dose in syringe
3. Administer Injection:
   • Insert needle at 45-90 degree angle (depending on body fat thickness)
   • Inject slowly and steadily over 5-10 seconds
   • Withdraw needle smoothly
   • Apply gentle pressure if needed (do not rub)
4. Post-Injection:
   • Dispose of needle safely in sharps container
   • Record injection site, dose, and date
   • Monitor site for any reactions

Dosing Frequency and Timing

The extended half-life of ace 031 peptide (approximately 10-14 days) allows for flexible dosing schedules:

Weekly Dosing:

• Provides consistent myostatin inhibition
• Easier to remember and maintain
• Suitable for most research protocols
• Example: Every Monday morning

Bi-Weekly Dosing:

• Matches clinical trial protocols
• Reduces injection frequency
• Still maintains effective myostatin inhibition
• Example: Every other Monday morning

Timing Considerations:

• Time of day: Morning administration often preferred for consistency
• Relationship to meals: Can be administered regardless of meal timing
• Relationship to exercise: No specific timing requirements relative to training
• Consistency: Same day/time each week improves protocol adherence

Storage and Handling

Proper storage maintains ACE-031 potency and stability:

Unreconstituted Peptide:

• Storage temperature: 2-8°C (refrigerated) or -20°C (frozen)
• Protect from light and moisture
• Shelf life: 2-3 years when properly stored
• Can be stored at room temperature for short periods during shipping

Reconstituted Solution:

• Storage temperature: 2-8°C (refrigerated) – REQUIRED
• Protect from light (store in original vial or wrap in foil)
• Shelf life: 14-28 days when refrigerated
• Do not freeze reconstituted solution
• Discard if solution becomes cloudy or contains particles

Handling Precautions:

• Always use sterile technique when handling
• Avoid contamination of vials and solutions
• Use bacteriostatic water to extend reconstituted shelf life
• Label vials with reconstitution date
• Store away from food and beverages

Research Protocol Design

When designing research protocols with ace-031 dosage, consider:

Dose-Response Studies:

• Test multiple dose levels to establish relationships
• Include control groups for comparison
• Consider both single-dose and multiple-dose protocols
• Monitor both efficacy and safety endpoints

Duration Studies:

• Short-term: 4-8 weeks to assess acute effects
• Medium-term: 8-12 weeks for sustained muscle growth
• Long-term: 12+ weeks for maximum effects (consider safety monitoring)

Combination Studies:

• Can combine with other muscle research peptides
• Consider potential synergies or interactions
• Adjust doses when combining compounds
• Monitor for additive effects or side effects

Monitoring Parameters:

• Muscle mass measurements (DEXA, MRI, or circumference)
• Strength testing (if applicable to research model)
• Body composition changes
• Safety parameters (see safety section)
• Functional outcomes (if relevant)

Special Considerations

Body Weight Adjustments:

Since clinical dosing was based on mg/kg body weight, researchers should consider:

• Calculating doses based on actual body weight
• Adjusting doses if body weight changes significantly during study
• Using ideal body weight vs actual weight in obese subjects
• Documenting weight at each dosing time point

Research Subject Variability:

Individual responses to ace 031 peptide may vary based on:

• Baseline muscle mass and myostatin levels
• Genetic factors affecting myostatin signaling
• Age and hormonal status
• Training status and physical activity levels
• Nutritional status and protein intake
• Concurrent use of other compounds

Dose Escalation:

For safety in research protocols, consider:

• Starting with lower doses and escalating gradually
• Monitoring for adverse effects before increasing dose
• Establishing maximum tolerated dose for research subjects
• Having clear criteria for dose reduction or discontinuation

Research Support Resources

PrymaLab provides comprehensive support for researchers using ace-031:

• Peptide Calculator for accurate dosing calculations
• Bacteriostatic Water for proper reconstitution
• Technical support for protocol design
• Dosing guidance based on research literature
• Quality documentation for research records

When researchers buy ace 031 from PrymaLab, they receive detailed reconstitution and administration instructions with their order, ensuring proper handling and use of this valuable research compound.

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SAFETY PROFILE AND SIDE EFFECTS

Understanding ACE-031 Side Effects

The ace-031 side effects profile is well-documented from clinical trials, providing important safety information for researchers. While the peptide showed promising efficacy for muscle growth, certain adverse events led to the discontinuation of clinical development. Understanding these effects is crucial for responsible research use.

Clinical Trial Safety Data

Phase 1 Trial (Healthy Postmenopausal Women):

The initial human safety study of ace 031 peptide in healthy volunteers showed generally good tolerability:

Common Effects:

• Injection site reactions (mild redness, slight discomfort)
• Transient headaches (resolved without intervention)
• Minor fatigue in some subjects
• No serious adverse events reported

Laboratory Changes:

• Decreases in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels
• Changes in bone turnover markers (expected with bone density increases)
• No clinically significant changes in other laboratory parameters

Phase 2 Trial (Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy):

The DMD trial revealed more concerning adverse events that led to study termination:

Vascular-Related Effects:

• Nosebleeds (epistaxis) – most common adverse event
• Gum bleeding (gingival bleeding)
• Telangiectasia (small dilated blood vessels visible in skin)
• Minor bruising in some subjects

Important Characteristics of These Effects:

• Generally mild in severity
• Resolved completely upon discontinuation of treatment
• No permanent damage or serious consequences
• Not considered immediately dangerous
• Led to clinical development halt out of abundance of caution

Mechanism of Vascular Effects

The ace-031 side effects related to blood vessels likely result from the peptide’s activity beyond just myostatin inhibition:

Activin Inhibition:

ACE-031 binds not only to myostatin but also to activin A and other TGF-β family members. Activin plays important roles in vascular function and blood vessel integrity. Inhibiting activin may affect:

• Blood vessel wall structure
• Vascular permeability
• Angiogenesis (new blood vessel formation)
• Endothelial cell function

GDF-11 Inhibition:

The peptide also binds to GDF-11, another TGF-β family member involved in vascular development and maintenance. Blocking GDF-11 may contribute to vascular effects observed in clinical trials.

Dose-Dependent Effects:

The vascular side effects appeared to be dose-dependent, with higher doses and longer treatment durations associated with increased incidence. This suggests that careful dose selection might minimize these effects in research settings.

Safety Monitoring Recommendations

Researchers using ace 031 peptide should implement appropriate safety monitoring:

Baseline Assessment:

• Complete medical history
• Physical examination
• Baseline laboratory tests
• Documentation of any pre-existing conditions
• Assessment of bleeding risk factors

Ongoing Monitoring:

• Regular physical examinations
• Monitoring for signs of bleeding (nosebleeds, gum bleeding, bruising)
• Skin examination for telangiectasia
• Blood pressure monitoring
• Laboratory tests as appropriate for research protocol

Warning Signs Requiring Attention:

• Frequent or severe nosebleeds
• Unexplained bruising
• Gum bleeding with normal oral hygiene
• Appearance of visible blood vessels in skin
• Any unusual bleeding
• Significant changes in blood pressure

Contraindications and Precautions

Certain conditions or circumstances warrant extra caution or exclusion from ACE-031 research:

Absolute Contraindications:

• Known bleeding disorders (hemophilia, von Willebrand disease)
• Current use of anticoagulant medications (warfarin, heparin)
• Active bleeding or recent major bleeding event
• Severe cardiovascular disease
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding (insufficient safety data)
• Known allergy to ACE-031 or components

Relative Contraindications (Require Careful Consideration):

• History of easy bruising or bleeding
• Use of antiplatelet medications (aspirin, clopidogrel)
• Hypertension (especially if poorly controlled)
• History of stroke or vascular disease
• Liver disease (may affect peptide metabolism)
• Kidney disease (may affect peptide clearance)

Special Populations:

• Elderly subjects may require closer monitoring
• Subjects with low body weight may need dose adjustments
• Those with multiple risk factors require enhanced safety monitoring

Managing Adverse Effects

If ace-031 side effects occur during research, appropriate management strategies include:

For Minor Bleeding (Nosebleeds, Gum Bleeding):

• Apply direct pressure to stop bleeding
• Use saline nasal spray for nasal dryness
• Maintain good oral hygiene
• Consider dose reduction if effects are frequent
• Discontinue if bleeding becomes problematic

For Telangiectasia:

• Document appearance and location
• Monitor for progression
• Consider dose reduction
• Effects typically resolve after discontinuation
• No specific treatment usually needed

For Injection Site Reactions:

• Rotate injection sites consistently
• Use proper injection technique
• Apply ice before injection to reduce discomfort
• Ensure alcohol has dried before injecting
• Consider smaller injection volumes if reactions persist

General Management Principles:

• Document all adverse effects thoroughly
• Assess severity and relationship to peptide
• Consider dose reduction before discontinuation
• Provide supportive care as needed
• Discontinue if serious adverse effects occur

Long-Term Safety Considerations

While ace 031 peptide clinical development was relatively short-term, researchers should consider potential long-term effects:

Theoretical Concerns:

• Effects of prolonged myostatin inhibition on muscle function
• Potential cardiovascular effects with extended use
• Impact on other tissues expressing myostatin receptors
• Possible effects on fertility or reproductive function
• Unknown effects of very long-term use (years)

Research Duration Recommendations:

• Short-term studies (4-8 weeks): Generally well-tolerated based on clinical data
• Medium-term studies (8-12 weeks): Reasonable based on clinical trial durations
• Long-term studies (>12 weeks): Limited safety data, enhanced monitoring recommended
• Very long-term use (>6 months): Insufficient safety data, not recommended without compelling justification

Comparison to Other Muscle Growth Compounds

The ace-031 side effects profile differs from other muscle research peptides:

Compared to Growth Hormone Secretagogues:

• ACE-031 doesn’t affect growth hormone or IGF-1 directly
• No effects on blood glucose or insulin sensitivity typically seen with GH
• Different side effect profile focused on vascular effects
• May be complementary rather than overlapping in effects and risks

Compared to Other Myostatin Inhibitors:

• Follistatin 344 has less extensive human safety data
• ACE-031’s vascular effects may be unique to its specific mechanism
• Other myostatin inhibitors in development aim to avoid these effects
• Each myostatin inhibitor may have distinct safety profile

Compared to Anabolic Compounds:

• ACE-031 doesn’t affect androgen receptors
• No androgenic side effects (acne, hair loss, etc.)
• Different mechanism and safety considerations
• May have advantages for research in certain contexts

Regulatory and Ethical Considerations

Researchers using ace 031 peptide should be aware of regulatory status:

Regulatory Status:

• Not approved for human therapeutic use by FDA or other regulatory agencies
• Clinical development discontinued in 2013
• Available for research purposes only
• Not intended for human consumption outside research settings

Research Ethics:

• Informed consent essential for any research involving human subjects
• Full disclosure of known risks and benefits
• Appropriate institutional review board (IRB) approval for human research
• Adherence to good clinical practice (GCP) guidelines
• Proper documentation and safety monitoring

Banned Substance Status:

• Prohibited by World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)
• Banned in most competitive sports
• Athletes subject to drug testing should not use
• Researchers working with athletes must ensure compliance

Risk Mitigation Strategies

To minimize risks when conducting research with ace-031:

Protocol Design:

• Start with lower doses and escalate gradually
• Use shortest duration necessary for research objectives
• Include appropriate control groups
• Plan for safety monitoring and adverse event management
• Have clear stopping criteria for safety concerns

Subject Selection:

• Careful screening to exclude high-risk individuals
• Thorough medical history and physical examination
• Baseline laboratory testing
• Assessment of bleeding risk factors
• Exclusion of those with contraindications

Monitoring and Follow-Up:

• Regular safety assessments during research
• Prompt attention to any adverse effects
• Documentation of all safety-related observations
• Follow-up after research completion
• Long-term monitoring if indicated

Quality Assurance:

• Use pharmaceutical-grade peptide from reputable sources
• Verify peptide identity and purity through testing
• Proper storage and handling to maintain quality
• Accurate dosing and administration
• Sterile technique for all injections

Emergency Preparedness

Research protocols should include plans for managing potential emergencies:

Severe Bleeding:

• Immediate medical attention
• Direct pressure to bleeding site
• Transport to emergency facility if needed
• Documentation of event
• Discontinuation of peptide

Allergic Reactions:

• Recognition of symptoms (rash, difficulty breathing, swelling)
• Immediate discontinuation of peptide
• Emergency medical treatment if severe
• Documentation and reporting
• Exclusion from further research

Other Serious Adverse Events:

• Clear protocols for recognition and management
• Access to medical care
• Documentation and reporting requirements
• Communication with research oversight bodies
• Review of research protocols if serious events occur

Safety Documentation

Proper documentation of safety aspects is essential:

Required Documentation:

• Informed consent forms
• Medical history and screening results
• Baseline safety assessments
• Adverse event reports
• Dose modifications and reasons
• Follow-up assessments
• Final safety summary

Reporting Requirements:

• Adverse events to appropriate oversight bodies
• Serious adverse events to IRB/ethics committee
• Safety data in research publications
• Transparency about risks and benefits
• Contribution to scientific understanding of peptide safety

When researchers buy ace-031 for sale from PrymaLab, comprehensive safety information is provided with each order, including known side effects, monitoring recommendations, and emergency management guidelines. This ensures researchers have the information needed for responsible and safe research use of this powerful myostatin inhibitor peptide.

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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

What is ACE-031 peptide?

ACE-031 peptide is a recombinant fusion protein that acts as a powerful myostatin inhibitor peptide. It combines the extracellular domain of activin receptor type IIB (ActRIIB) with the Fc region of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1). This design allows it to bind to myostatin and related proteins in the bloodstream, preventing them from reaching muscle cells and limiting muscle growth. By blocking myostatin, ace 031 removes the natural brake on muscle development, allowing muscles to grow larger and stronger than normal. The peptide was originally developed for treating muscle wasting diseases like Duchenne muscular dystrophy but is now primarily used for research purposes. Clinical studies showed that even single doses could increase lean muscle mass by 1-2 kg within a month, demonstrating its potency as a muscle growth research tool.

How does ACE-031 work as a myostatin inhibitor?

ACE-031 works by acting as a decoy receptor for myostatin and related growth factors. Myostatin is a protein that naturally limits muscle growth by binding to ActRIIB receptors on muscle cells, triggering signals that stop muscle development. Ace 031 peptide mimics these receptors and circulates in the bloodstream, intercepting myostatin before it can reach muscle tissue. When myostatin binds to ACE-031 instead of muscle cell receptors, the growth-limiting signals are never activated. This allows muscle cells to proliferate and grow beyond their normal limits. The peptide also binds to activin A and GDF-11, other proteins that regulate muscle growth, providing comprehensive inhibition of muscle growth limiters. The Fc portion of the fusion protein extends its half-life to approximately 10-14 days, providing sustained myostatin inhibition with less frequent dosing compared to other approaches.

What are the benefits of ACE-031 for muscle growth research?

The ace-031 peptide benefits for muscle growth research are substantial and well-documented. Clinical studies showed dramatic increases in lean muscle mass, with subjects gaining 1-2 kg of muscle within just 29 days from a single dose. Muscle volume increases of 3-4% were observed in specific muscle groups, with animal studies showing even more impressive gains of up to 40% in some muscles. Beyond muscle size, ACE-031 improves muscle strength and function, enhances bone mineral density (particularly in the spine), and may improve metabolic parameters including insulin sensitivity. The peptide promotes both muscle fiber hypertrophy (increased fiber size) and hyperplasia (increased fiber number), while also activating satellite cells for enhanced muscle regeneration. These comprehensive effects make ace 031 valuable for research into muscle wasting conditions, age-related sarcopenia, performance enhancement mechanisms, and fundamental muscle biology.

What is the recommended ACE-031 dosage for research?

ACE-031 dosage recommendations are based on clinical trial data, which tested doses ranging from 0.02 to 3.0 mg/kg body weight. The most effective single dose in clinical studies was 3.0 mg/kg, which produced significant muscle mass increases. For research protocols, conservative approaches might use 1.0 mg/kg, standard protocols 2.0 mg/kg, and advanced protocols up to 3.0 mg/kg. The peptide’s extended half-life (10-14 days) allows for weekly or bi-weekly dosing rather than daily administration. For an 80 kg research subject, a 2.0 mg/kg dose would equal 160 mg total per administration. Researchers should use PrymaLab’s Peptide Calculator for precise dosing calculations based on vial concentration and subject weight. ACE-031 dosage bodybuilding research typically follows these clinical guidelines, though researchers may adjust based on specific protocol requirements and available peptide quantities.

How do I reconstitute and administer ACE-031?

To reconstitute ace 031 peptide, you’ll need bacteriostatic water and sterile syringes. Remove the plastic cap from the ACE-031 vial and swab the rubber stopper with alcohol. Draw your desired amount of bacteriostatic water (typically 1-2 mL per 1mg vial) and inject it slowly down the side of the vial, not directly onto the powder. Gently swirl the vial in a circular motion until the powder completely dissolves – don’t shake vigorously as this can damage the protein structure. The solution should be clear and colorless. For administration, ace 031 injectable for sale requires subcutaneous injection into areas like the abdomen (2 inches from navel), upper thighs, or upper arms. Clean the injection site with alcohol, pinch the skin to create a fold, insert the needle at a 45-90 degree angle, and inject slowly over 5-10 seconds. Rotate injection sites to prevent tissue irritation. Store reconstituted solution refrigerated at 2-8°C and use within 14-28 days.

What are ACE-031 side effects?

The ace-031 side effects profile is well-documented from clinical trials. The most common adverse events were vascular-related effects including nosebleeds (epistaxis), gum bleeding, and telangiectasia (small dilated blood vessels visible in the skin). These effects were generally mild and resolved completely when treatment was discontinued. They likely result from ACE-031’s inhibition of activin and other TGF-β family members that play roles in vascular function. Other reported effects included minor injection site reactions, transient headaches, and decreases in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in females. Importantly, while these ace 031 peptide side effects led to the discontinuation of clinical development in 2013, they were not considered dangerous or permanently harmful. The decision to halt development was made out of an abundance of caution. Researchers using ACE-031 should monitor for bleeding symptoms and implement appropriate safety protocols, including baseline screening and ongoing monitoring during research.

Where can I buy ACE-031 for research?

You can buy ace-031 for research purposes from PrymaLab, a trusted supplier of pharmaceutical-grade research peptides. Our ACE-031 1MG vials contain 99% pure peptide verified by third-party testing, ensuring reliable and reproducible research results. Each vial arrives as lyophilized powder for maximum stability during shipping and storage. When you ace 031 buy from PrymaLab, you receive comprehensive documentation including certificates of analysis, reconstitution instructions, dosing guidelines, and safety information. We also provide research support resources including our Peptide Calculator for accurate dosing calculations and bacteriostatic water for proper reconstitution. Fast, discreet shipping ensures your research materials arrive quickly and securely. ACE-031 for sale at PrymaLab is intended for research purposes only and is not for human consumption outside approved research settings.

How does ACE-031 compare to Follistatin 344?

The ace-031 vs follistatin 344 comparison reveals important differences between these myostatin inhibitor peptide options. ACE-031 is a fusion protein that acts as a decoy receptor, while Follistatin 344 is a natural binding protein that directly wraps around myostatin. ACE-031 offers significantly longer duration of action (10-14 day half-life) compared to Follistatin’s much shorter half-life, meaning ace 031 requires only weekly or bi-weekly dosing while Follistatin typically needs daily administration. Clinical data suggests ACE-031 may be more potent on a per-dose basis, with dramatic muscle growth from relatively low doses. However, Follistatin has a broader activity profile, binding to more growth factors beyond just myostatin. ACE-031 has more extensive human safety data from clinical trials, though development was halted due to minor vascular effects. Both peptides are available from PrymaLab – researchers can buy ace-031 or Follistatin 344 depending on their specific research needs.

What are ACE-031 results in bodybuilding research?

ACE-031 results bodybuilding research has shown impressive muscle growth outcomes. Clinical studies demonstrated that even a single 3 mg/kg dose increased lean body mass by approximately 1.5 kg and thigh muscle volume by 3.4% within just 29 days. Animal research showed even more dramatic effects, with muscle volume increases of up to 40% in specific muscle groups. These gains occurred without changes in food intake, indicating the muscle growth resulted from altered muscle biology rather than increased caloric consumption. The ace 031 peptide promotes both muscle fiber hypertrophy (increased size) and hyperplasia (increased number), while also enhancing satellite cell activation for improved muscle regeneration. Strength improvements accompanied the size gains, with research subjects showing better functional outcomes. The peptide also increased bone mineral density, providing additional benefits for overall musculoskeletal health. These comprehensive ace-031 peptide benefits make it one of the most potent muscle growth research tools available, though researchers should note that clinical development was discontinued and the peptide is intended for research purposes only.

Is ACE-031 safe for research use?

ACE-031 safety for research use is supported by clinical trial data, though important considerations exist. Phase 1 trials in healthy volunteers showed generally good tolerability with no serious adverse events. However, Phase 2 trials in Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients revealed vascular-related side effects including nosebleeds, gum bleeding, and telangiectasia that led to clinical development discontinuation in 2013. These ace-031 side effects were mild and reversible but raised concerns about longer-term use. For research purposes, ace 031 peptide can be used safely with appropriate precautions including careful subject screening to exclude those with bleeding disorders or cardiovascular disease, baseline safety assessments, ongoing monitoring for bleeding symptoms, and clear protocols for managing adverse events. The peptide should not be used in pregnant or breastfeeding individuals, those taking anticoagulants, or anyone with active bleeding disorders. Research protocols should include informed consent, appropriate oversight, and safety monitoring. When used responsibly with proper precautions, ACE-031 provides valuable research insights while maintaining acceptable safety margins.

What is the cost of ACE-031 for research?

The ace 031 cost for research varies based on quantity, supplier, and quality. At PrymaLab, ACE-031 1MG vials are competitively priced to make this valuable research tool accessible while maintaining pharmaceutical-grade quality standards. When evaluating cost, researchers should consider that ACE-031’s extended half-life (10-14 days) means less frequent dosing compared to other peptides, potentially reducing overall peptide consumption in long-term studies. While per-dose costs may seem higher due to the mg/kg dosing used in clinical trials, the sustained effects mean fewer total doses needed over a research protocol. Cost-effectiveness also depends on research goals – for studies requiring potent, sustained myostatin inhibition, ace 031 peptide may be more economical than alternatives requiring daily dosing. Researchers should calculate total peptide requirements for their specific protocol duration and dosing frequency. PrymaLab offers bulk pricing for larger research projects and provides all necessary support materials including bacteriostatic water and access to our Peptide Calculator to help researchers plan their peptide needs accurately.

Can ACE-031 be combined with other research peptides?

Yes, ace 031 peptide can be combined with other research compounds to study potential synergistic effects on muscle growth. Researchers might combine it with growth hormone secretagogues like Ipamorelin or CJC-1295 to investigate whether myostatin inhibition and increased growth hormone work synergistically. Combinations with IGF-1 LR3 might reveal interactions between myostatin inhibition and IGF-1 signaling. Some researchers explore combining ACE-031 with Follistatin 344 for potentially enhanced myostatin inhibition through complementary mechanisms. When designing combination protocols, researchers should consider potential interactions, adjust doses appropriately, and implement enhanced safety monitoring. The different mechanisms of various muscle growth peptides may work additively or synergistically, providing valuable research insights. All combination research should be carefully designed with appropriate controls and safety considerations. PrymaLab’s comprehensive peptides for sale collection provides researchers access to multiple compounds for combination studies.

How long does ACE-031 remain active in the body?

ACE-031 peptide has an extended half-life of approximately 10-14 days in humans, significantly longer than most other research peptides. This extended duration results from the Fc fusion protein design, where the Fc region binds to neonatal Fc receptors (FcRn) in tissues. These receptors recycle the peptide back into circulation rather than allowing it to be degraded, extending its time in the bloodstream. This long half-life means that myostatin inhibition persists for weeks after a single dose, allowing for weekly or bi-weekly dosing schedules in research protocols rather than daily injections. The sustained effect provides more consistent myostatin inhibition over time and better mimics what would occur with genetic myostatin deficiency. For research planning, this means fewer injections are needed, reducing handling of research subjects and improving protocol compliance. The extended duration also means effects may persist for some time after discontinuation – researchers should account for this when designing washout periods or crossover studies. This pharmacokinetic advantage is one reason ace 031 was selected for clinical development over other myostatin inhibition approaches.

What research applications is ACE-031 suitable for?

ACE-031 is suitable for diverse research applications related to muscle biology and growth. Primary applications include studying myostatin function and its role in muscle regulation, investigating potential therapeutic approaches for muscle wasting conditions (muscular dystrophy, cancer cachexia, sarcopenia), exploring mechanisms of muscle hypertrophy and hyperplasia, and examining the relationship between muscle growth and bone density. The myostatin inhibitor peptide is valuable for performance enhancement research, helping scientists understand maximum muscle development potential. Researchers study ace-031 peptide effects on satellite cell activation, muscle fiber type composition, and metabolic parameters including insulin sensitivity. The peptide serves as a tool for investigating the TGF-β superfamily’s role in muscle regulation and for developing next-generation myostatin inhibitors with improved safety profiles. Combination research with other muscle growth compounds from our peptides for sale collection helps identify synergistic approaches. The well-characterized mechanism and extensive clinical data make ACE-031 ideal for controlled research studies with reproducible results.

Why was ACE-031 clinical development discontinued?

ACE-031 clinical development was discontinued in May 2013 by Acceleron Pharma and Shire PLC due to safety concerns that emerged during Phase 2 trials in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. While the peptide showed promising efficacy for muscle growth and preservation, some trial participants experienced vascular-related adverse events including nosebleeds, gum bleeding, and telangiectasia (small dilated blood vessels in the skin). These ace-031 side effects were not considered dangerous and resolved completely when treatment stopped, but they raised concerns about the peptide’s effects on vascular function. Additional preclinical toxicology studies were conducted to better understand these effects, but findings did not support continued clinical development. The companies made this decision out of an abundance of caution, prioritizing patient safety over commercial development. Despite discontinuation, the research provided valuable insights into myostatin inhibition in humans and informed development of next-generation approaches. ACE-031 remains valuable for research purposes, helping scientists understand muscle biology and develop safer myostatin inhibition strategies. When researchers buy ace 031 for sale today, it’s for research applications rather than therapeutic use.

What makes ACE-031 different from other muscle growth peptides?

ACE-031 peptide differs from other muscle growth compounds in several important ways. Unlike growth hormone secretagogues that work by increasing GH and IGF-1 levels, ace 031 directly targets myostatin, the primary negative regulator of muscle growth. This represents a fundamentally different mechanism – removing a brake on muscle development rather than pressing the accelerator. The fusion protein design combining ActRIIB and Fc regions provides both high-affinity myostatin binding and extended circulation time, advantages not found in natural myostatin inhibitors. ACE-031’s 10-14 day half-life allows weekly or bi-weekly dosing, much less frequent than most other muscle research peptides requiring daily administration. The peptide’s effects are remarkably potent, with clinical data showing dramatic muscle growth from relatively low doses. Unlike androgenic compounds, ace 031 doesn’t affect hormone receptors and has a completely different side effect profile. The extensive clinical trial data provides more human safety and efficacy information than most research peptides. These unique characteristics make ACE-031 a valuable addition to any muscle research program, available alongside other compounds in our peptides for sale collection.

How should ACE-031 be stored?

Proper storage of ace 031 peptide is essential for maintaining its potency and stability. Unreconstituted lyophilized powder should be stored refrigerated at 2-8°C (36-46°F) or frozen at -20°C (-4°F) for long-term storage. The peptide should be protected from light and moisture, kept in its original sealed vial until ready for use. When stored properly, unreconstituted ACE-031 maintains stability for 2-3 years. The peptide can tolerate brief periods at room temperature during shipping without significant degradation. Once reconstituted with bacteriostatic water, the solution MUST be stored refrigerated at 2-8°C and protected from light. Reconstituted ace 031 injectable for sale should be used within 14-28 days for optimal potency. Never freeze reconstituted solution as this can damage the protein structure. Always inspect reconstituted solution before use – it should be clear and colorless with no particles or cloudiness. If the solution appears cloudy or contains particles, discard it and prepare fresh solution. Label vials with reconstitution date to track storage time. Store away from food and beverages in a dedicated research refrigerator.

Is ACE-031 legal for research purposes?

ACE-031 is legal to purchase and use for research purposes, though it’s important to understand its regulatory status. The peptide is not approved by the FDA or other regulatory agencies for human therapeutic use, as clinical development was discontinued in 2013. It is classified as a research chemical and is sold for laboratory research only, not for human consumption outside approved research settings. When researchers buy ace-031, they should ensure compliance with local regulations governing research chemical use. The peptide is prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) and is banned in competitive sports, so athletes subject to drug testing should not use it. Research involving human subjects requires appropriate institutional review board (IRB) approval, informed consent, and adherence to good clinical practice (GCP) guidelines. Researchers should maintain proper documentation of research use and ensure ace 031 peptide is used only in legitimate research contexts. PrymaLab sells ACE-031 for sale exclusively for research purposes and provides documentation supporting its research use. Researchers are responsible for ensuring their use complies with applicable laws and regulations in their jurisdiction.

What documentation comes with ACE-031 from PrymaLab?

When you buy ace-031 from PrymaLab, comprehensive documentation ensures you have all information needed for responsible research use. Each order includes a Certificate of Analysis (COA) from third-party testing verifying peptide identity, purity (≥99%), and absence of contaminants. Detailed reconstitution instructions explain proper technique for mixing ace 031 peptide with bacteriostatic water, including recommended volumes and mixing procedures. Administration guidelines cover proper injection technique, site selection, and rotation protocols. Dosing information based on clinical research helps researchers design appropriate protocols, with references to use our Peptide Calculator for precise calculations. Storage instructions detail proper handling of both unreconstituted and reconstituted peptide. Safety information includes known ace-031 side effects, monitoring recommendations, and contraindications based on clinical trial data. Research references provide citations to key studies for researchers wanting to review original data. All documentation supports responsible research use and helps ensure reliable, reproducible results. This comprehensive support distinguishes PrymaLab as a trusted source for myostatin inhibitor peptide research compounds.

Can ACE-031 be used for veterinary research?

Yes, ace 031 peptide can be used for veterinary research applications, and in fact, much of the foundational research on myostatin inhibition was conducted in animal models. The peptide has been studied extensively in mice, rats, and other research animals, demonstrating dramatic muscle growth effects across species. Veterinary researchers might use ACE-031 to study muscle wasting conditions in animals, investigate breed differences in myostatin function, explore potential therapeutic applications for animal muscle diseases, or examine comparative muscle biology across species. Dosing for veterinary research typically follows the mg/kg guidelines from clinical studies, adjusted for the specific animal species and research goals. The extended half-life of ace 031 makes it practical for animal research, requiring less frequent dosing than many other compounds. Researchers should ensure appropriate veterinary oversight, institutional animal care and use committee (IACUC) approval for animal research, and adherence to animal welfare guidelines. The same quality standards apply – pharmaceutical-grade ACE-031 from PrymaLab ensures reliable results whether research involves animal models or other applications. Proper reconstitution with bacteriostatic water and accurate dosing using our Peptide Calculator are essential for veterinary research protocols.

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Product Details

Chemical Name: ACE-031 (Ramatercept)
Alternative Names: Activin Receptor Type IIB-Fc Fusion Protein, ActRIIB-Fc
Molecular Type: Recombinant Fusion Protein
Sequence: ActRIIB extracellular domain + Human IgG1 Fc region
Molecular Weight: Approximately 65-70 kDa
Purity: ≥99% (HPLC verified)
Format: Lyophilized powder
Vial Size: 1mg per vial
Storage: 2-8°C (refrigerated) or -20°C (frozen)
Shelf Life: 2-3 years (unreconstituted)
Solubility: Soluble in bacteriostatic water
Appearance: White to off-white powder
Reconstitution: Bacteriostatic water (0.9% benzyl alcohol)
pH Range: 6.0-7.5 (reconstituted solution)

Mechanism Classification

Primary Target: Myostatin (GDF-8)
Secondary Targets: Activin A, GDF-11
Mechanism Class: Myostatin Inhibitor / Decoy Receptor
Receptor Type: Activin Receptor Type IIB (ActRIIB)
Binding Affinity: High affinity for myostatin and related ligands
Duration of Action: Extended (10-14 day half-life)
Route of Administration: Subcutaneous injection
Dosing Frequency: Weekly or bi-weekly

Pharmacological Properties

Absorption: Rapid from subcutaneous tissue
Distribution: Systemic circulation
Protein Binding: High (Fc-mediated)
Metabolism: Proteolytic degradation
Half-Life: 10-14 days (humans)
Elimination: Renal and hepatic
Bioavailability: High (subcutaneous)
Time to Peak Effect: 1-4 weeks for muscle growth
Duration of Effect: Sustained for weeks after single dose

Quality Control

Manufacturing Standards:

• Produced in mammalian cell expression systems
• Purified using protein A affinity chromatography
• Sterile filtered and lyophilized
• Manufactured under GMP conditions
• Batch-specific quality testing

Testing Methods:

• HPLC for purity verification
• Mass spectrometry for identity confirmation
• SDS-PAGE for molecular weight verification
• Endotoxin testing (LAL assay)
• Sterility testing
• Potency assays (bioactivity)

Quality Specifications:

• Purity: ≥99% by HPLC
• Endotoxin: <1.0 EU/mg
• Sterility: Passes USP sterility test
• Identity: Confirmed by MS
• Potency: Meets specification in bioassay

Research Applications

Primary Research Areas:

• Muscle biology and myostatin function
• Muscle wasting disease models
• Performance enhancement mechanisms
• Satellite cell biology
• Muscle regeneration studies
• Bone-muscle interactions
• Metabolic regulation research

Suitable Research Models:

• Cell culture (myoblasts, myotubes)
• Animal models (mice, rats, larger animals)
• Ex vivo muscle tissue studies
• Biochemical assays
• Molecular biology studies

Handling and Storage

Unreconstituted Peptide:

• Store at 2-8°C (refrigerated) or -20°C (frozen)
• Protect from light and moisture
• Keep in original sealed vial
• Stable for 2-3 years when properly stored
• Can tolerate brief room temperature exposure during shipping

Reconstituted Solution:

• MUST be stored refrigerated at 2-8°C
• Protect from light (wrap vial in foil if needed)
• Use within 14-28 days of reconstitution
• Do not freeze reconstituted solution
• Discard if solution becomes cloudy or contains particles

Handling Precautions:

• Use aseptic technique for all handling
• Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles
• Do not shake vigorously (can denature protein)
• Use sterile syringes and needles
• Prevent contamination of vials

Reconstitution Guidelines

Recommended Solvent: Bacteriostatic Water (0.9% benzyl alcohol)

Reconstitution Volumes:

• 1mL bacteriostatic water per 1mg vial = 1mg/mL concentration
• 2mL bacteriostatic water per 1mg vial = 0.5mg/mL concentration

Reconstitution Procedure:

1. Remove plastic cap from vial
2. Swab rubber stopper with alcohol
3. Allow alcohol to dry completely
4. Draw bacteriostatic water into sterile syringe
5. Inject water slowly down side of vial
6. Gently swirl (do not shake) until dissolved
7. Inspect solution (should be clear and colorless)
8. Label vial with reconstitution date
9. Store refrigerated immediately

Concentration Calculations:

Use PrymaLab’s Peptide Calculator for precise calculations:

• Input: Vial size (1mg), reconstitution volume, desired dose
• Output: Volume to inject for desired dose
• Accounts for concentration and subject weight

Administration Specifications

Route: Subcutaneous injection
Injection Sites: Abdomen, thighs, upper arms
Needle Size: 29-31 gauge, 1/2 inch length
Injection Volume: Typically 0.5-2.0 mL per dose
Injection Angle: 45-90 degrees (depending on body fat)
Site Rotation: Essential to prevent tissue irritation
Injection Frequency: Weekly or bi-weekly based on protocol

Safety and Regulatory Information

Regulatory Status:

• Not approved for human therapeutic use
• Research chemical classification
• For laboratory research only
• Not for human consumption outside research settings

Safety Classification:

• Generally well-tolerated in clinical trials
• Known vascular-related side effects
• Requires appropriate safety monitoring
• Contraindicated in bleeding disorders

Banned Substance Status:

• Prohibited by World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)
• Banned in competitive sports
• Athletes subject to testing should not use

Research Support

Available Resources:

• Peptide Calculator for dosing calculations
• Bacteriostatic Water for reconstitution
• Technical support for protocol design
• Certificate of Analysis with each order
• Comprehensive product documentation
• Research literature references

Related Research Compounds

Complementary Peptides:

• Follistatin 344 – Alternative myostatin inhibitor
• Ipamorelin – Growth hormone secretagogue
• CJC-1295 – GHRH analog
• IGF-1 LR3 – Insulin-like growth factor
• TB-500 – Healing and recovery peptide
• BPC-157 – Tissue repair peptide

Research Accessories:

• Sterile syringes and needles
• Alcohol swabs
• Sharps disposal container
• Peptide storage containers
• Laboratory notebooks for documentation

Shipping and Packaging

Packaging:

• Individual vials sealed in protective packaging
• Shipped with cold packs to maintain temperature
• Discreet packaging with no product identification
• Includes all necessary documentation

Shipping:

• Fast, reliable shipping options
• Temperature-controlled during transit
• Tracking provided for all orders
• Discreet delivery to protect privacy

Quality Guarantee

PrymaLab guarantees:

• Pharmaceutical-grade quality
• ≥99% purity verified by third-party testing
• Proper storage and handling during shipping
• Complete documentation with each order
• Responsive customer support
• Satisfaction with product quality

When researchers buy ace-031 from PrymaLab, they receive not just a high-quality myostatin inhibitor peptide, but comprehensive support for successful research outcomes.

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COMPLIANCE AND LEGAL INFORMATION

Regulatory Status

ACE-031 is not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or other regulatory agencies for human therapeutic use. Clinical development was discontinued in 2013 following safety concerns observed in Phase 2 trials. The peptide is classified as a research chemical and is sold exclusively for laboratory research purposes.

Intended Use

This product is intended for research use only. It is not intended for human consumption, therapeutic use, or any application outside legitimate research settings. Researchers are responsible for ensuring their use complies with applicable laws, regulations, and institutional policies.

Research Ethics

Research involving ace 031 peptide and human subjects requires:

• Institutional Review Board (IRB) or Ethics Committee approval
• Informed consent from all research participants
• Adherence to Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guidelines
• Proper safety monitoring and adverse event reporting
• Compliance with local research regulations

Banned Substance Notice

ACE-031 is prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) and is banned in competitive sports. Athletes subject to drug testing should not use this compound. Researchers working with competitive athletes must ensure compliance with anti-doping regulations.

Liability Disclaimer

PrymaLab provides ACE-031 for research purposes only. The company assumes no liability for:

• Improper use of the product
• Use outside legitimate research contexts
• Adverse events resulting from use
• Violations of applicable laws or regulations
• Results or outcomes of research conducted

Quality Assurance

All ace 031 peptide sold by PrymaLab is:

• Manufactured to pharmaceutical-grade standards
• Tested for purity, identity, and quality
• Accompanied by Certificate of Analysis
• Properly stored and handled
• Shipped with appropriate temperature control

Customer Responsibility

Customers who buy ace-031 are responsible for:

• Ensuring legal compliance in their jurisdiction
• Proper storage and handling of the product
• Appropriate use in legitimate research
• Safety monitoring in research protocols
• Proper disposal of unused product

Medical Disclaimer

Information provided about ACE-031 is for educational and research purposes only. It should not be considered medical advice. Researchers should consult qualified healthcare professionals for medical guidance related to research protocols involving human subjects.

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CONCLUSION

ACE-031 1MG represents a powerful tool for muscle growth research through its unique mechanism as a myostatin inhibitor peptide. The fusion protein design combining ActRIIB and Fc regions provides potent, sustained myostatin inhibition with convenient dosing schedules. Clinical research demonstrated dramatic muscle mass increases, improvements in bone density, and potential metabolic benefits, establishing ace 031 peptide as one of the most effective muscle growth research compounds available.

While clinical development was discontinued due to minor vascular side effects, the extensive research data provides valuable insights into myostatin function and muscle biology. For researchers studying muscle growth mechanisms, potential therapeutic approaches to muscle wasting, or performance enhancement pathways, ACE-031 offers unmatched potency and a well-characterized mechanism of action.

PrymaLab provides pharmaceutical-grade ACE-031 with verified purity, comprehensive documentation, and full research support. When you buy ace-031 from PrymaLab, you receive not just a high-quality research compound, but access to resources including our Peptide Calculator, bacteriostatic water for reconstitution, and expert guidance for successful research outcomes.

Explore our complete peptides for sale collection to discover complementary research compounds for comprehensive muscle biology studies. With proper protocols, safety monitoring, and responsible use, ACE-031 provides researchers with unprecedented insights into muscle growth regulation and myostatin inhibition.